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คำศัพท์ TOEIC แจกฟรี 500 คำ พร้อมความหมายและตัวอย่างประโยค คำศัพท์ TOEIC ออกสอบบ่อยที่ทุกคนไม่ควรพลาด แถมเรายังแยกเป็นหมวดหมู่ให้ด้วยเพื่อให้เข้าใจง่าย มาพร้อมตัวอย่างประโยคที่จะช่วยให้เข้าใจคำศัพท์ TOEIC นั้น ๆ ได้มากขึ้นด้วย ใครที่กำลังจะสอบ TOEIC แต่ไม่ถนัดเรื่องคำศัพท์ คำศัพท์ TOEIC แจกฟรี 500 คำนี้จะช่วยให้ทำข้อสอบได้ดีขึ้นอย่างแน่นอน
คำศัพท์ TOEIC หมวดเศรษฐศาสตร์ / การเงิน
| คำศัพท์ | ความหมาย | ตัวอย่างประโยค |
| assets (n.) | สินทรัพย์ (ซึ่งมีค่าแลกเปลี่ยนเป็นเงินหรือใช้หนี้ได้) |
By the end of 2020 the company had assets of 200 billion dollars. |
| bank note (n.) | ธนบัตร | And occasionally small finds, some coins; a banknote in a pocket. |
| bank draft (n.) | ใบสั่งจ่ายเงินธนาคาร | Payment by cheque or cashier’s cheque or bank draft dated within September 30, 2021. |
| bankrupt (adj.) | ล้มละลาย | Then he declares the company bankrupt before paying off the promissory note, canceling the debt. |
| bankruptcy (n.) | การล้มละลาย | I have to summarize all those cases in bankruptcy over there. |
| beneficiary (n.) | ผู้รับผลประโยชน์ | The beneficiary will receive money on the same day or on the next working day. |
| benefit (n.) | ผลประโยชน์ | Mutual trading will be the biggest benefit of both nations. |
| bill (n.) | ใบแจ้งหนี้ | This is the bill from the hotel where we stayed. |
| cash (n.) | เงินสด | The shop charges less if the customer pays in cash. |
| charge (n.) | ค่าธรรมเนียม | There is a charge for the use of the swimming pool. |
| customs (n.) | ภาษีศุลกากร | Any customs or import duties are charged once the parcel reaches its destination country. |
| currency (n.) | เงินตรา | The bank can supply you with foreign currency. |
| debt (n.) | หนี้, หนี้สิน | She had debts of over £200,000. |
| debit (v.) | หักบัญชี | Please authorise us to debit your account and, where possible, give a day-time telephone number in case of query. |
| deflation (n.) | การชะลอตัวทางเศรษฐกิจ | Obviously a process of balanced deflation would entail no alteration of the real wage rate. |
| demand (n.) | ความต้องการ | It follows that their demand for bank deposits is also growing at twice the rate of growth of nominal income. |
| deposit (n.) | เงินฝาก | I’d like to make a deposit into my savings account. |
| donation (n.) | การบริจาค | Any donation however small, will be gratefully received. |
| earn (v.) | ได้รับ, ได้กำไร, มีรายได้ | He earns nearly £10,000 a year. |
| earnings (n.) | รายได้, ผลกำไร | The company’s earnings have dropped by 4% in the first quarter. |
| economic (adj.) | เกี่ยวกับเศรษฐกิจ | Economic growth is slow. |
| economical (adj.) | ประหยัด | Tim’s a very economical person, . He always looks around for the best buys. |
| economics (n.) | เศรษฐศาสตร์ | She received a master’s degree in agricultural economics and a doctorate in economics and marketing from Chulalongkorn University. |
| economy (n.) | เศรษฐกิจ, การใช้เงินหรือทรัพยากรอย่างประหยัด | Not insuring your belongings is a false economy |
| famine (n.) | ภาวะข้าวยากหมากแพง, ความอดอยาก | Millions of people in Africa continue to die because of war and famine. |
| fee (n.) | ค่าธรรมเนียม | You can use the gym and pool for a fee of £45 a month. |
| finance (n.) | การเงิน | He was an expert in finance and advised people where to invest their money. |
| fund (n.) | กองทุน | The government agreed to create a fund to help develop rural areas. |
| fundraising (n.) | การระดมทุน | Now she has joined the Breakthrough fundraising drive to build a research centre in Thailand. |
| hardship (n.) | ความทุกข์ยาก, ความยากลำบาก | Many students are suffering severe financial hardship. |
| heritage (n.) | มรดก | Our aim is to make the performing arts, museums and our heritage accessible to all. |
| income (n.) | รายได้ | Braund’s annual income is just over $50,000. |
| inflation (n.) | การขยายตัว, ภาวะเงินเฟ้อ | The inflation rate rose to 4.5% last month. |
| invest (v.) | ลงทุน | I want to invest the money my aunt left me. |
| investment (n.) | การลงทุน | We have the largest investment in microelectronics technology of any company in the world. |
| joint venture (n.) | การร่วมลงทุน, การลงทุนร่วมกัน | Under the joint venture the council will pay nothing, while profits will accrue to Biomass |
| loan (n.) | เงินกู้, การกู้ยืม | I had to take out a loan to buy my car. |
| loan (v.) | ให้กู้ | Can you loan me $5? |
| lucrative (adj.) | ที่ให้กำไรงาม | Catering is a very lucrative business if you succeed in it. |
| landlord / landlady (n.) | เจ้าของที่ดิน, เจ้าของบ้านเช่า, เจ้าของอพาร์ตเมนต์ | The newspaper is negotiating with its landlord to reduce its rent. |
| license (n.) | ใบอนุญาต | The vaccine has been licensed by the US Food and Drug Administration. |
| monetary (adj.) | เกี่ยวกับเงิน, ทางการเงิน | There’s only one conclusion to make about this data on monetary growth. |
| mortgage (n.) | การจำนอง | We decided to use Fred’s redundancy money to pay off the mortgage. |
| obligation (n.) | ภาระผูกพัน | Greater resources are needed to meet these obligations. |
| owe (v.) | ติดหนี้ | I owe a great deal to my publishers, who helped me to finish writing the book. |
| overdraft (n.) | เงินเบิกเกินบัญชี | They had been given borrowing and overdraft facilities. |
| payment (n.) | การชำระเงิน | An overdraft offered more flexibility but higher cost. |
| prosperous (adj.) | ร่ำรวย, เฟื่องฟู | Deng was the son of a prosperous landowner. |
| profit (n.) | กำไร | The shop’s daily profit is usually around $400. |
| profitability (n.) | การได้กำไร | They plan to increase profitability by making the factory more efficient. |
| profitable (adj.) | ซึ่งได้ผลกำไร | It is a profitable business but there is evidence of some slack time, perhaps this is a learning curve effect. |
| recession (n.) | ภาวะเศรษฐกิจถดถอย | There is deep recession in the UK. |
| receipt (n.) | ใบเสร็จรับเงิน | Keep your receipt in case you want to bring it back. |
| repayment (n.) | การชำระคืน | They’re demanding repayment for the cost of the uniforms. |
| savings (n.) | เงินออม, เงินสะสม | Under his original proposal, much of the savings would have gone to the wealthy. |
| taxation (n.) | ภาษีอากร | No order for costs save legal aid taxation. |
| transaction (n.) | ธุรกรรม | When the transaction is complete it will be at least two weeks before you receive your copy of the contract. |
| withdraw (v.) | ถอน (เงิน) | I’d like to withdraw £300 from my current account. |
คำศัพท์ TOEIC หมวดที่ทำงาน / ธุรกิจ
| คำศัพท์ | ความหมาย | ตัวอย่างประโยค |
| advertisement (n.) | การโฆษณา | The organizers of the concert had taken out a full page advertisement in ‘The New York Times’. |
| advertise (v.) | ลงโฆษณา | Many companies will only advertise in the Sunday paper. |
| advantageous (adj.) | มีประโยชน์, ให้คุณ | Many bus companies provide advantageous fare tickets especially for tourists. |
| admittance (n.) | การอนุญาตให้เข้า,
การรับเข้า |
He was refused admittance into the country. |
| ability (n.) | ความสามารถ | No one doubts his ability to get work done quickly. |
| abroad (adv.) | ในต่างประเทศ | A lot of goods are imported from abroad. |
| aim (v.) | มุ่งหวัง | We aim to finish by Friday. |
| agency (n.) | บริษัทตัวแทน | She works for an advertising agency. |
| agenda (n.) | ระเบียบวาระการประชุม | A copy of the agenda is circulated to delegates a month before the conference. |
| agreement (n.) | ข้อตกลง | I am hopeful that we can come to an agreement. |
| agree (v.) | ตกลง | I agree with her analysis of the situation. |
| analyze (v.) | วิเคราะห์ | The first step is to define and analyse the problem. |
| announcement (n.) | การประกาศ | The announcement of further job losses comes at a bad time. |
| annual (adj.) | ประจำปี | She organized this year’s annual Christmas dinner dance. |
| alternative (n.) | ทางเลือก | His idea seemed to offer a possible alternative. |
| allow (v.) | อนุญาต | The law allowed companies to dismiss workers without any reason. |
| ambitious (adj.) | ทะเยอทะยาน | I am very ambitious. Nothing means more to me than winning. |
| assess (v.) | ประเมินผล | We are trying to assess how well the system works. |
| assistant (n.) | ผู้ช่วย | My assistant will now demonstrate the machine in action. |
| association (n.) | องค์กร, สมาคม | It was to be a free association of equal partners. |
| assign (v.) | มอบหมาย | They’ve assigned their best man to the job. |
| achievement (n.) | ความสำเร็จ | This conference in itself constitutes a solid achievement. |
| apology (n.) | คำขอโทษ | She finally received an apology from the company. |
| applicant (n.) | ผู้สมัคร | There were over 500 applicants for the job. |
| application (n.) | ใบสมัคร | You need to complete the online application form. |
| apprentice (n.) | ผู้ฝึกงาน | I was an apprentice in an upholstery shop when I was a teenager. |
| approximate (adj.) | ราว ๆ, ประมาณ | Construction was completed at an approximate cost of $4.1 million. |
| approve (v.) | อนุมัติ | She didn’t quite approve of the way he was running things. |
| appropriate (adj.) | เหมาะสม | Skills can be enhanced by the appropriate use of technology in certain circumstances. |
| appoint (v.) | แต่งตั้ง | She’s been appointed British ambassador to the UN. |
| appointment (n.) | การนัดหมาย | Tom has been given an appointment at the local hospital. |
| attach (v.) | แนบ | I attach a copy of the spreadsheet. |
| attend (v.) | เข้าร่วม | He was invited to attend a seminar in Paris. |
| affordable (adj.) | ราคาไม่แพง | This model is relatively affordable at just $85. |
| afford (v.) | จ่าย | She can well afford to pay for herself. |
| arrange (v.) | เตรียมการ, จัดเตรียม | The president arranged for a meeting in his office. |
| authority (n.) | อำนาจ | I’m the one with the authority here. |
| authorize (v.) | มอบอำนาจ | I have authorized him to act for me while I am away. |
| awareness (n.) | ความตระหนัก | Politicians now have much greater awareness of these problems. |
| bargain (v.) | ต่อรอง | He bargained hard and was stubborn. |
| bilingual (adj.) | ซึ่งพูดได้สองภาษา | She is bilingual in English. |
| bid (v.) | ประมูล, ให้ราคา | Two dealers bid against each other for the antique table. |
| board (n.) | คณะกรรมการ | The board is/are unhappy about falling sales. |
| borrow (v.) | ยืม | Members can borrow up to ten books from the library at any one time. |
| boost (n.) | การส่งเสริม | The tax cuts will give a much needed boost to the economy. |
| budget (n.) | งบประมาณ | All her projects are on time and on budget. |
| branch (n.) | สาขา | The store is opening more local branches. |
| briefing (n.) | การบรรยายสรุป | Captain Trent gave his men a full briefing. |
| briefcase (n.) | กระเป๋าเอกสาร | He wore a torn suit and carried a battered briefcase. |
| bulletin (n.) | แถลงการณ์, ประกาศ | The government will issue an official bulletin later this week. |
| campaign (v.) | รณรงค์ | We campaign on behalf of consumers. |
| critical (adj.) | วิกฤติ | Industry leaders are working together to address this critical issue. |
| calculate (v.) | คำนวณ, คาดการณ์ | Benefit is calculated on the basis of average weekly earnings. |
| cancellation (n.) | การยกเลิก | We need at least 24 hours’ notice of cancellation. |
| candidate (n.) | ผู้สมัคร | here were no suitable candidates for the position. |
| career (n.) | อาชีพ | She achieved a lot in her chosen career. |
| cause (n.) | สาเหตุ | It is not easy to separate cause and effect in this situation. |
| charity (n.) | การกุศล | She runs a charity for homeless young people. |
| client (n.) | ลูกค้า, ผู้ซื้อ | The company needs to focus on its biggest clients. |
| classify (v.) | แยกประเภท | We can classify machines in terms of their function. |
| code (n.) | รหัส | Tap your code number into the machine. |
| cost (n.) | ต้นทุน | The company is focused on lowering its operating costs. |
| confidential (adj.) | เป็นความลับ | There is concern about several confidential documents which have gone missing. |
| confusion (n.) | ความสับสน | There is some confusion about what the correct procedure should be. |
| connection (n.) | ความสัมพันธ์ | I have some good business connections in New York. |
| consultant (n.) | ที่ปรึกษา | We brought in a management consultant to sort out the mess. |
| convince (v.) | โน้มน้าว, ชักจูง | You’ll need to convince them of your enthusiasm for the job. |
| consignment (n.) | การส่งมอบ,การส่งของ | A consignment of medicines is on its way now. |
| consider (v.) | พิจารณา | It was a carefully considered decision. |
| consumer (n.) | ผู้บริโภค | We need to educate consumers about this technology. |
| consume (v.) | บริโภค | 25 per cent of the world’s population consumes 80 per cent of the planet’s resources. |
| consult (v.) | ปรึกษา | If the pain continues, consult your doctor. |
| construction (n.) | การก่อสร้าง | Construction began this year and will take approximately 18 months. |
| contribute (v.) | ให้ (เพื่อช่วยเหลือ) | The company contributed $50 000 towards training costs. |
| contribution (n.) | การบริจาค | We were asked to make a contribution towards the cost of the meal. |
| continual (adj.) | ต่อเนื่อง | He was in a continual process of rewriting his material. |
| concern (n.) | ความกังวล | He felt some concern for her safety. |
| complaint (n.) | การร้องเรียน | We received a number of complaints from customers about the lack of parking facilities. |
| competition (n.) | การแข่งขัน | We’re going to have a competition to see who can swim the fastest. |
| corporation (n.) | บริษัท | The modern corporation has grown out of the industrial age. |
| criticize (v.) | วิจารณ์ | The project has been criticized as a waste of money. |
| certification (n.) | ได้รับการรับรอง | She need some kind of certification for the jobs. |
| chairman (n.) | ประธาน | He steps down as chairman of the Federal Reserve next year. |
| chairperson (n.) | ประธาน | The chairperson has been associated with the organization for ten years. |
| criteria (n.) | เกณฑ์ | She failed to meet the stringent selection criteria. |
| declare (v.) | ประกาศ,แถลง, แจ้ง | He will probably have to declare bankruptcy. |
| decrease (v.) | ลดลง | The price of wheat has decreased by 5 per cent. |
| defect (n.) | ข้อบกพร่อง | There is evidence that air pollution can cause birth defects. |
| defective (adj.) | มีข้อบกพร่อง | Her vision is severely defective. |
| definite (adj.) | แน่นอน, แน่ชัด, ชัดเจน | He was pretty definite about the price. |
| delay (n.) | ความล่าช้า | We apologize for the delay in answering your letter. |
| department (n.) | แผนก | She used to work in the IT department. |
| depend on (phrv.) | ขึ้นอยู่กับ | The outcome seems to depend on the type of soil used. |
| determine (v.) | กำหนด | It should be possible to determine the level of interest. |
| deterioration (n.) | การเสื่อมสภาพ | a serious deterioration in relations between the two countries |
| discount (v.) | ลดราคา | The news reports were being discounted as propaganda. |
| discount (n.) | ส่วนลด | You can get a substantial discount off your car insurance. |
| dismiss (v.) | ไม่สนใจ | He dismissed the opinion polls as worthless. |
| discussion (n.) | การสนทนา | I discovered something interesting during a family discussion. |
| discrepancy (n.) | ความคลาดเคลื่อน | There were wide discrepancies in the evidence. |
| disruption (n.) | การหยุดชะงัก | We might have a disruption of our little project. |
| downturn (n.) | ขาลง, แนวโน้มที่แย่ลง | The building industry is experiencing a severe downturn in its workload. |
| developer (n.) | ผู้พัฒนา | A local developer is planning to build a supermarket on the site. |
| development (n.) | การพัฒนา, ความก้าวหน้า | The company can offer a number of opportunities for career development. |
| develop (v.) | พัฒนา | The aim is to develop your personal skills. |
| drastic (adj.) | รุนแรง | The government is threatening to take drastic action. |
| drastically (adv.) | อย่างรุนแรง | Things have started to go drastically wrong. |
| drop (v.) | หล่น | Be careful not to drop that plate. |
| duration (n.) | ระยะเวลา | The next contract will be of shorter duration. |
| effective (adj.) | มีประสิทธิภาพ | We find advertising on the radio very effective. |
| effectively (adv.) | อย่างได้ผล | he company must reduce costs to compete effectively. |
| effectiveness (n.) | ประสิทธิผล | Quickly established an effectiveness and popularity within the community. |
| element (n.) | องค์ประกอบ | There are three important elements to consider. |
| electricity (n.) | กระแสไฟฟ้า | They are looking to develop more efficient ways of converting the energy from sunlight into electricity. |
| employment (n.) | การจ้างงาน | The company was one of the first to offer meaningful employment to the blind. |
| employ (v.) | จ้าง | His company currently employs 135 workers in total. |
| employer (n.) | นายจ้าง | They’re very good employers. |
| endurance (n.) | ความอดทน | She showed great endurance in the face of pain. |
| endure (v.) | อดทน | He had to endure the racist taunts of the crowd. |
| evaluate (v.) | ประเมิน | The trial will evaluate the effectiveness of the different drugs. |
| engineer (n.) | วิศวกร | We worked with a team of scientists and engineers. |
| environment (n.) | สิ่งแวดล้อม | We aim to provide a pleasant working environment. |
| enthusiastic (adj.) | กระตือรือร้น | He was quite enthusiastic about the idea. |
| entitlement (n.) | สิทธิ | Holiday entitlements for temporary workers are less than for permanent staff. |
| enroll (v.) | ลงทะเบียน | You need to enroll before the end of August. |
| enthusiastically (adv.) | อย่างกระตือรือร้น | ‘The new program is really well designed,’ she says enthusiastically. |
| enterprise (n.) | องค์กร | They plan to privatize over 100 state-owned enterprises. |
| equivalent (adj.) | เท่ากัน, เท่ากับ | the price we would pay elsewhere for a broadly equivalent house |
| expansion (n.) | การขยายตัว | Despite the recession the company is confident of further expansion. |
| expand (v.) | ขยายตัว | I needed to expand my possibilities of making a living. |
| expense (n.) | ค่าใช้จ่าย | We were taken out for a meal at the company’s expense. |
| experience (n.) | ประสบการณ์ | I have over ten years’ experience as a teacher. |
| express (adj.) | ด่วน | Customers expressed interest in trying the product. |
| expect (v.) | คาดหวัง | She confidently expects to win. |
| excess (n.) | จำนวนที่มากเกินไป | In an excess of enthusiasm I agreed to work late. |
| excessive (adj.) | ซึ่งมากเกินไป, ซึ่งมากเกินกว่าจะยอมรับได้ | They complained about the excessive noise coming from the upstairs flat. |
| executive (n.) | ผู้บริหาร | He’s a senior executive in a computer firm. |
| engage (v.) | มีส่วนร่วม | The party is attempting to engage young voters politically. |
| establish (v.) | สร้าง, จัดตั้ง | The committee was established in 1912. |
| estimate (v.) | ประมาณการ | All variables can be estimated from the data. |
| extend (v.) | ต่ออายุ, ขยายเวลา | The proposal was to extend paid leave to six months. |
| extension (n.) | การยืดขยาย | The bank plans various extensions to its credit facilities. |
| external (adj.) | ภายนอก | The lotion is for external use only. |
| examination (n.) | การตรวจสอบ | Careful examination of the ruins revealed an even earlier temple. |
| examine (v.) | ไต่สวน, สอบสวน, ตรวจสอบ | It is necessary to examine how the proposals can be carried out. |
| exploration (n.) | การสำรวจ | Extensive exploration was carried out using the latest drilling technology. |
| experiment (n.) | การทดลองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ | The results of the experiment were inconclusive. |
| especially (adv.) | โดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่ง | The car is quite small, especially if you have children. |
| fault (n.) | ความผิด, ข้อผิดพลาด | They believe an electricity fault was the cause. |
| factor (n.) | ปัจจัย | We have identified a few key factors in the project’s success. |
| factory (n.) | โรงงาน | The factory closed down ten years ago. |
| fail (v.) | ล้มเหลว | Many diets fail because they are boring. |
| facilitate (v.) | อำนวยความสะดวก, ให้ความสะดวกสบาย | Computers can be used to facilitate language learning. |
| found (v.) | ก่อตั้ง | The town was founded by English settlers in 1790. |
| former (adj.) | ก่อนหน้านี้, ก่อน, ในอดีต | The former teacher, a lady, was too indulgent. |
| foreign (adj.) | เกี่ยวกับต่างประเทศ | I went to the bank to get some foreign currency. |
| functional (adj.) | ซึ่งสามารถนำไปใช้เป็นประโยชน์ | The office was large and functional rather than welcoming. |
| function (n.) | หน้าที่ | The club serves a useful function as a meeting place. |
| faithfulness (n.) | ความซื่อสัตย์, ความภักดี | She had doubts about his faithfulness. |
| farewell (n.) | การอำลา, การกล่าวลา | She said her farewells and left. |
| flaw (n.) | ข้อบกพร่อง | There is still a basic flaw in your selection procedure. |
| flexible (adj.) | ซึ่งยืดหยุ่นได้, คล่องตัว | You need to be more flexible and imaginative in your approach. |
| fruition (n.) | การบรรลุผล, การเกิดผล | After months of hard work, our plans finally came to fruition. |
| fluctuate (v.) | ขึ้น ๆ ลง ๆ, ผันผวน | The rate of inflation has been fluctuating around 4% for some time. |
| firm (n.) | บริษัท | She works for a firm of management consultants based in London. |
| goods (n.) | สินค้า | The goods will be delivered within ten days. |
| grievance (n.) | ข้อข้องใจ | He had a personal grievance against the professor. |
| growth (n.) | การเจริญเติบโต | Remove dead leaves to encourage new growth. |
| gradually (adv.) | ค่อยๆ | Women have gradually become more involved in the decision-making process. |
| GUIDE (v.) | แนะนำ | He guided me in my research. |
| guideline (n.) | แนวทาง | The guidelines require this information to be made available to the public. |
| gather (v.) | ชุมนุม, รวมตัว, รวบรวม | he whole family gathered together at Ray’s home. |
| global (adj.) | ระดับโลก, ทั่วทั้งโลก | This year the global economy will grow by about 4 per cent. |
| handle (v.) | จัดการ, รับมือ | He decided to handle things himself. |
| haphazard (adj.) | ซึ่งไม่เป็นระบบ, ซึ่งไม่มีการวางแผน | In the early years training was haphazard. |
| hardware (n.) | เครื่องมือ, อุปกรณ์คอมพิวเตอร์ | The laptop drawing tablet is a very useful piece of hardware. |
| harmonious (adj.) | ซึ่งเข้ากันได้ดี, สามัคคี | A harmonious alliance between management and workers |
| hasten (v.) | รีบ, เร่ง | I hasten to add that I knew nothing of the fraud at the time. |
| haste (n.) | ความเร่งรีบ | In her haste to complete the work on time, she made a number of mistakes. |
| haggle (v.) | ต่อรอง | You can sometimes haggle a good discount. |
| hesitate (v.) | ลังเล | I didn’t hesitate about working with Mali. |
| head office (n.) | สำนักงานใหญ่ | Their head office is in New York. |
| headquarters (n.) | สำนักงานใหญ่ | I’m now based at headquarters. |
| hire (v.) | จ้าง | We only want to hire permanent staff. |
| host (n.) | เจ้าภาพ | The college is playing host to a group of visiting Russian scientists. |
| hybrid (n.) | สิ่งที่เกิดจากการผสมขึ้นมา | The music was a hybrid of Western pop and traditional folk song. |
| insure (v.) | ประกัน | The company can refuse to insure a property that does not have window locks. |
| institute (n.) | สถาบัน, องค์กร | He is a member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants. |
| include (v.) | รวม, มี | The festival is expanding to include more fringe events. |
| incompetent (adj.) | ซึ่งไร้ความสามารถ | She worked for years under an incompetent manager. |
| itemize (v.) | ลงรายละเอียด | We had to provide an itemized list of what had been stolen. |
| ideal (adj.) | ซึ่งอยู่ในอุดมคติ | She’s the ideal candidate for the job. |
| identification (n.) | การแสดงตัว, การระบุ | Biometric identification methods include fingerprints and facial recognition scanners. |
| identify (v.) | ระบุชื่อ, ระบุตัว | She was able to identify her attacker. |
| indicate (v.) | บ่องบอก, แสดง | A yellowing of the skin indicates jaundice. |
| ignore (v.) | ละเลย, ไม่ใส่ใจ, เพิกเฉย | I made a suggestion but they chose to ignore it. |
| illogical (adj.) | ซึ่งไม่มีเหตุผล, ซึ่งไร้เหตุผล | She has an illogical fear of insects. |
| illustrious (adj.) | โดดเด่น, มีชื่อเสียง | The composer was one of many illustrious visitors to the town. |
| individual (adj.) | รายบุคคล, แต่ละบุคคล | We interviewed each individual member of the community. |
| individually (adv.) | เป็นรายบุคคล | The hotel has 100 individually designed bedrooms. |
| incentive (n.) | แรงจูงใจ | There is little incentive for firms to increase the skills of their workers. |
| inconvenience (n.) | ความไม่สะดวก | We apologize for the delay and regret any inconvenience it may have caused. |
| intend (v.) | ตั้งใจ | We intend that production will start next month. |
| imitate (v.) | เลียนแบบ, ทำตามอย่าง | No computer can imitate the complex functions of the human brain. |
| impression (n.) | ความประทับใจ | My first impression of him was favourable. |
| immediate (adj.) | ทันทีทันใด | The company announced the immediate availabilty of an updated version of the software. |
| impel (v.) | ผลักดัน, บังคับ | There are various reasons that impel me to that conclusion. |
| imply (v.) | บ่งบอกถึง, บอกเป็นนัย | I never meant to imply any criticism. |
| impact (n.) | ผลกระทบ | The project’s impact on the environment should be minimal. |
| impediment (n.) | การขัดขวาง, สิ่งกีดขวาง, อุปสรรค | The level of inflation is a serious impediment to economic recovery. |
| improve (v.) | ปรับปรุง, พัฒนา, ดีขึ้น | Engineers are working to improve this technology. |
| improvement (n.) | การปรับปรุง | The economy has shown significant improvement over the past 6 months. |
| invite (v.) | เชิญ | Let’s invite them all for dinner. |
| inexperienced (adj.) | ซึ่งไร้ประสบการณ์ | She was inexperienced in teaching art. |
| information (n.) | ข้อมูล | More detailed information is not yet available. |
| install (v.) | ติดตั้ง | They’re planning to install a new drainage system. |
| installation (n.) | การติดตั้ง | Installation of the new system will take several days. |
| inventory (n.) | สินค้าคงคลัง | The inventory lists many rare items. |
| invoice (n.) | ใบแจ้งหนี้ | Please pay the final invoice within two weeks. |
| issue (n.) | ปัญหา | This is a big issue; we need more time to think about it. |
| journal (n.) | วารสาร | The journal comes out five times a year. |
| joint (adj.) | ร่วมกัน | The two sides agreed to establish a joint working group. |
| jobless (adj.) | ไม่มีงานทำ | The company has plans to make more people jobless. |
| judgment (n.) | การพิจารณา, การตัดสิน, | I don’t think he’s dishonest, but I question his judgement. |
| justification (n.) | การให้เหตุผล | I can see some justification for her remarks. |
| knowledge (n.) | ความรู้ | He has a wide knowledge of painting and music. |
| knowledgeable (adj.) | มีความรู้ | She is very knowledgeable about plants. |
| lease (n.) | สัญญาเช่า | The company holds the building on a long lease. |
| labor (n.) | แรงงาน | The workers voted to withdraw their labor. |
| landlord / landlady (n.) | เจ้าของที่ดิน, เจ้าของบ้านเช่า, เจ้าของอพาร์ตเมนต์ | The newspaper is negotiating with its landlord to reduce its rent. |
| license (n.) | ใบอนุญาต | The vaccine has been licensed by the US Food and Drug Administration. |
| label (n.) | ฉลาก | The washing instructions are on the label. |
| lay off (phrv.) | ปลด | Lay off bullying Jack. |
| liability (n.) | ความรับผิดชอบ | The company cannot accept liability for any damage caused by natural disasters. |
| local (adj.) | ในประเทศ | It was difficult to understand the local dialect. |
| manufacture (n.) | การผลิตด้วยเครื่องจักร | The date of manufacture of the jewellery has not been authenticated. |
| manufacture (v.) | ผลิต | This company manufactures the equipment used to make contact lenses. |
| maintain (v.) | รักษาไว้ | He emphasized the need to maintain the status quo. |
| maintenance (n.) | การซ่อมบำรุง, การรักษาสภาพ | The building has received no regular maintenance since it was vacated in 1998. |
| marketing (n.) | การตลาด | She works in sales and marketing. |
| mention (v.) | กล่าวถึง | She didn’t mention the economy in her speech. |
| meeting (n.) | การประชุม | A public meeting about the proposal takes place on Monday. |
| memorandum (n.) | บันทึกข้อความ | The memorandum was dated 23 August, 2001. |
| merge (v.) | ผสาน | The company announced plans to merge with its biggest rival. |
| merger (n.) | การควบรวมกิจการ | There are local companies ripe for merger or acquisition. |
| merchandise (n.) | สินค้า | These tokens can be exchanged for merchandise in any of our stores. |
| motivation (n.) | แรงจูงใจ | Most people said that pay was their main motivation for working. |
| nominate (v.) | เสนอชื่อ | She has been nominated for the presidency. |
| numeral (n.) | ตัวเลข | You could present inputs of numeral images with the expected outputs. |
| numerical (adj.) | เป็นตัวเลข, เกี่ยวกับตัวเลข | The drive towards numerical and managerial performance indicators has already been mentioned. |
| objective (n.) | วัตถุประสงค์ | We succeeded in our prime objective of cutting costs. |
| objection (n.) | การคัดค้าน | My one objection is that I don’t think such an amendment is necessary. |
| occupant (n.) | ผู้เช่าอาศัย, ผู้ครอบครอง, ผู้อยู่อาศัย | There are many empty offices seeking new occupants. |
| official (adj.) | อย่างเป็นทางการ | You have to get official permission to build a new office. |
| offer (n.) | ข้อเสนอ | I refer to your recent application and interview and am pleased to offer you the post of editor. |
| officer (n.) | เจ้าหน้าที่ | He’s a retired army intelligence officer. |
| operate (v.) | ปฏิบัติ | Solar panels can only operate in sunlight. |
| opinion (n.) | ความคิดเห็น | In my personal opinion, it’s a very sound investment. |
| opportunity (n.) | โอกาส | There’ll be plenty of opportunity for relaxing once the work is done. |
| opponent (n.) | คู่แข่ง, ฝ่ายตรงข้าม, คู่ต่อสู้ | She proved a formidable opponent in the debating chamber. |
| occur (v.) | เกิดขึ้น, มีอยู่ | These symptoms occur in some patients but not in others. |
| overview (n.) | ภาพรวม | The second chapter will provide an overview of the issues involved. |
| overdue (adj.) | เกินกำหนด | The rent is now overdue. |
| outline (n.) | เค้าโครง | You should draw up a plan or outline for the essay. |
| oversee (v.) | ควบคุม, ตรวจสอบ | He personally oversaw the design of all the rooms. |
| overtime (n.) | เวลาพิเศษที่นอกเหนือจากเวลาทำงานปกติ | The overtime costs alone have used up the public safety budget. |
| own (v.) | เป็นเจ้าของ, ครอบครอง | He owns and operates an eco-tourism company. |
| oblige (v.) | บังคับ | Circumstances had obliged him to sell the business. |
| package (n.) | บรรจุภัณฑ์ | I sent the books in one big package. |
| pact (n.) | สัญญา, ข้อตกลง | They have made a pact with each other not to speak about their differences in public. |
| parcel (n.) | พัสดุ | She went to collect her parcel from the depot. |
| participant (n.) | ผู้เข้าร่วม | Participants were asked to choose one of four topics for the lunch sessions. |
| partner (n.) | หุ้นส่วน, ผู้ร่วมมือ | He has recently been made a junior partner in the family business. |
| parking lot (n.) | ที่จอดรถ | Found him in a parking lot in Brentwood. |
| personnel (n.) | พนักงาน, บุคลากร | There is a severe shortage of skilled personnel. |
| personal (adj.) | ส่วนบุคคล | I need my own personal space. |
| permanent (adj.) | ถาวร | We decided to make the arrangement permanent. |
| proposal (n.) | ข้อเสนอ | The proposal for a new high-speed railway met with strong opposition. |
| productive (adj.) | มีประสิทธิภาพ, ที่เกิดผล | The aim was to maximize the machine’s productive capacity. |
| prohibit (v.) | ห้าม | Smoking is strictly prohibited inside the factory. |
| prohibition (n.) | ข้อห้าม, การห้าม | Prohibition of drugs, they say, works no better than prohibition of alcohol did in the United States. |
| priority (n.) | การจัดลำดับความสำคัญ | The department must start setting priorities. |
| price (n.) | ราคา | The price of crude oil has risen over the last few months. |
| principle (n.) | ทฤษฎี, กฎ | There are three fundamental principles of teamwork. |
| private (adj.) | ที่เป็นส่วนตัว | The hotel has 110 bedrooms, all with private bathrooms. |
| predict (v.) | ทำนาย | We can predict with absolute confidence how the newspapers will react. |
| permit (v.) | อนุญาต | The owners have been unwilling to permit the use of their land. |
| permit (n.) | ใบอนุญาต | My parking permit was due to be renewed. |
| permission (n.) | การอนุญาต, ความยินยอม | They applied for permission to put up a temporary structure. |
| purchase (v.) | ซื้อ | We recently purchased a home just outside Las Vegas. |
| policy (n.) | นโยบาย | He implemented an aggressive monetary policy to stimulate the economy. |
| premises (n.) | ที่ดินและสิ่งปลูกสร้าง | The company is looking for larger premises. |
| press (v.) | กด | Only press the buzzer if you have the right answer. |
| process (n.) | กระบวนการ | The company has introduced a new process for handling complaints. |
| profile (n.) | ข้อมูลส่วนตัว | We first build up a detailed profile of our customers and their requirements. |
| profession (n.) | อาชีพ | She was at the very top of her profession. |
| progress (v.) | ความคืบหน้า | We will continue to monitor progress over the next few months. |
| progressive (adj.) | ซึ่งก้าวหน้า | Supporters of a progressive income tax argue that it is fairer. |
| promote (v.) | เลื่อนตำแหน่ง | Dad said he’d be promoted to section manager next year. |
| promotion (n.) | การเลื่อนตำแหน่ง | The new job is a promotion for him. |
| publicize (v.) | ประชาสัมพันธ์, เผยแพร่ | They will publicize the publishing house and the cafe as well. |
| probability (adv.) | ความน่าจะเป็นไปได้ | The probability is that prices will rise rapidly. |
| polite (adj.) | สุภาพ | Our waiter was very polite and helpful. |
| postponement (n.) | การเลื่อนเวลาออกไป | Riots led to the postponement of local elections. |
| plumber (n.) | ช่างประปา | I think we’ll have to call the plumber to fix that tap. |
| quote (v.) | อ้างอิง | She quotes extensively from the author’s diaries. |
| qualification (n.) | คุณสมบัติ | In this job, experience counts for more than paper qualifications. |
| qualified (adj.) | ที่มีคุณสมบัติ | She is now qualified as a teacher. |
| question (n.) | คำถาม | That’s a very interesting question. |
| rate (n.) | อัตรา | The costs of the project are rising at an alarming rate. |
| rate (v.) | ประเมินค่า | The show was rated (as) a success by critics and audiences. |
| realize (v.) | ตระหนักถึง | I hope you realize the seriousness of this crime. |
| recruit (v.) | รับสมัคร | They recruited more staff to deal with the complaints. |
| recruit (n.) | การรับสมัคร | They are stepping up attempts to attract new recruits to the nursing profession. |
| register (v.) | ลงทะเบียน | She is officially registered disabled. |
| reimburse (v.) | คืนเงิน | We will reimburse any expenses incurred. |
| renovate (v.) | การปรับปรุงใหม่,การทำขึ้นใหม่ | There will be extensive renovations to the hospital. |
| result (n.) | ผลลัพธ์ | We have worked very hard, and the result is amazing. |
| refund (v.) | คืนเงิน | We will refund you your money in full. |
| refund (n.) | การคืนเงินให้ | She received a refund on the unused tickets. |
| relevant (adj.) | ที่เกี่ยวข้อง | These comments are not directly relevant to this inquiry. |
| regular (adj.) | ประจำ | We also hold a regular monthly meeting. |
| recommendation (n.) | ข้อเสนอแนะ | The major recommendation is for a change in the law. |
| reception (n.) | แผนกต้อนรับ | For more information, please contact the reception desk. |
| reduce (v.) | ลด | Costs have been reduced by 20% over the past year. |
| reminder (n.) | การแจ้งเตือน | We were sent a reminder about the next meeting. |
| rival (n.) | คู่แข่ง | She has no rivals for the job. |
| salary (n.) | เงินเดือน | The CEO received a salary of $1 million. |
| sanction (n.) | การอนุมัติ, การอนุญาตอย่างเป็นทางการ | Their ideas received official sanction at the meeting. |
| satisfaction (n.) | ความพึงพอใจ | The company is trying to improve customer satisfaction. |
| schedule (n.) | กำหนดการ, ตารางรายการ | I have no time available in my regular schedule. |
| session (n.) | การประชุม | We still have a number of weeks before the current legislative session ends. |
| secretary (n.) | เลขานุการ | Please contact my secretary to make an appointment. |
| specialist (n.) | ผู้เชี่ยวชาญ | She is a specialist in children’s literature. |
| specialize (v.) | เชี่ยวชาญ, ชำนาญ | He specialized in criminal law. |
| scheme (n.) | แบบแผน, แผนผัง | The scheme allows customers to trade in their own computer against the cost of a new one. |
| specify (v.) | ระบุ, บ่งชี้ | She did not specify precisely how many people were involved in the incident. |
| stationery (n.) | เครื่องเขียน | Let’s go to the stationery store first. |
| strategy (n.) | กลยุทธ์ | The company will now focus its strategy on its core business areas. |
| strike (n.) | การนัดหยุดงาน | The strike paralysed the port. |
| submit (n.) | ส่ง, เสนอ, ยื่น
(เอกสาร, งาน) |
Six groups were invited to submit proposals for the research. |
| subsidiary (n.) | บริษัทสาขา | It’s a subsidiary of bixton ganic food. |
| systematic (adj.) | เป็นระบบ | She was thorough and systematic in her acquisition of the collection. |
| target (n.) | เป้าหมาย | The firm is on track to achieve its growth target for the year. |
| tackle (v.) | จัดการแก้ปัญหา | I think I’ll tackle the repairs next weekend. |
| take over as (phrv.) | เข้าทำงานต่อ, รับตำแหน่งต่อ | Mitch is angling to oust you and take over as ceo. |
| task (n.) | ภารกิจ | The first task for the new leader is to focus on the economy. |
| tardily (adv.) | ช้ากว่ากำหนด | I am responding tardily to your letter of last month. |
| technical (adj.) | ที่เชี่ยวชาญเฉพาะทาง, ในเชิงเทคนิค | The organization provides technical assistance to farmers. |
| technician (n.) | เจ้าหน้าที่เทคนิค, ช่างเทคนิค | I’m a technician and a doctor. |
| transfer (v.) | โอน, ย้าย | His superiors transferred him to easier assignments. |
| tenant (n.) | ผู้เช่า | They had evicted their tenants for non-payment of rent. |
| temporary (adj.) | ชั่วคราว | I’m looking for some temporary work. |
| transmit (v.) | ส่งผ่าน, ถ่ายทอด | The data will be automatically transmitted from one part of the system to another. |
| transportation (n.) | การขนส่ง | The strike brought the transportation system to a halt. |
| TURNOVER (n.) | อัตราการลาออก | The new offices have reduced the very high rates of staff turnover. |
| unconditional (adj.) | โดยไม่มีเงื่อนไข, โดยไม่มีข้อจำกัด | They demanded the unconditional withdrawal of military forces. |
| unify (v.) | ทำให้เป็นหน่วยเดียวกัน | The new leader hopes to unify the country. |
| understand (v.) | เข้าใจ | She didn’t understand the form she was signing. |
| unfavorable (adj.) | เสียเปรียบ | The country’s geographical position is highly unfavourable. |
| vacancy (n.) | ตำแหน่งว่าง | There’s a vacancy in the accounts department. |
| vacation (n.) | วันหยุดพักร้อน | We’re planning a summer vacation to Europe next year. |
| valid (adj.) | สมบูรณ์ | Vouchers are only valid for races taking place before 31 December. |
| vendor (n.) | ผู้ขาย | Get a list of vendors who deliver frozen food. |
| wage (n.) | ค่าจ้าง | He made a good wage as a trader. |
| warn (v.) | เตือน | I did try to warn you. |
| share (n.) | หุ้น | The company purchased 5.5m shares of the stock this week. |
| dividend (n.) | เงินปันผล | Shareholders will receive an interim dividend payment of 50 cents a share. |
| Shareholder (n.) | ผู้ถือหุ้น | Company shareholders approved the merger. |
| wealth (n.) | ความมั่งคั่ง | She is a woman of untold wealth. |
| workforce (n.) | แรงงาน, คนทำงาน | Companies are under pressure to hire a more diverse workforce. |
| wholesale (adv.) | โดยขายส่ง | We buy the building materials wholesale. |
| worth (adj.) | ซึ่งมีค่า, ซึ่งมีมูลค่า | This order is potentially worth millions of pounds to the company. |
| xerox (v.) | ถ่ายเอกสาร | Could you xerox this letter, please? |
| yield (n.) | ผลผลิต, ผลตอบแทน | This will give a yield of 10% on your investment. |
คำศัพท์ TOEIC หมวดท่องเที่ยว
| คำศัพท์ | ความหมาย | ตัวอย่างประโยค |
| apologize (v.) | ขอโทษ | I’m so sorry, I do apologize. |
| arrival (n.) | การมาถึง | A deposit is payable on arrival. |
| arrive (v.) | มาถึง | Give me a call to let me know you’ve arrived safely. |
| aircraft (n.) | เครื่องบิน, อากาศยาน | Eventually a man from the tower arrived, and a little bus came to take us to the aircraft. |
| aisle (n.) | ทางเดินระหว่างที่นั่ง | Would you like a window seat or an aisle seat |
| appetizer (n.) | อาหารเรียกน้ำย่อย | In general, the appetizers are better than the entrees. |
| baggage (n.) | กระเป๋าเดินทาง | Check your baggage in at the desk. |
| belongings (n.) | สมบัติส่วนตัว, ข้าวของ | They packed all their belongings into the car and left the city that night. |
| beverage (n.) | เครื่องดื่ม | Non-alcoholic beverages will be on sale in the foyer. |
| cabin crew (n.) | ลูกเรือ | The airline will run 13 former Dan Air short-haul routes from Gatwick, using 412 of its existing flight and cabin crew. |
| capital (n.) | เมืองหลวง | Washington D.C., the capital of the United States |
| cashier (n.) | พนักงานรับจ่ายเงิน | Go to the cashier to settle the account, and go to the pharmacy to pick up the prescription. |
| celebration (n.) | การเฉลิมฉลอง | The show is a celebration of new young talent. |
| celebrate (v.) | ฉลอง | It’s Dad’s birthday and we’re going out for a meal to celebrate. |
| climate (n.) | ภูมิอากาศ | Los Angeles’ warm dry climate |
| cruise (n.) | การล่องเรือ | Last year cruise sales rose by 20 percent in Britain to 100,000 passengers. |
| danger (n.) | ภัย, อันตราย | Danger! No boats beyond this point. |
| dangerous (adj.) | ซึ่งอันตราย | It was a highly dangerous situation. |
| destination (n.) | จุดหมายปลายทาง | The Greek islands are a favourite destination for people who enjoy the sun and the sea. |
| departure (n.) | การออกเดินทาง, ขาออก | There was a delay in the departure of our plane. |
| itinerary (n.) | กำหนดการเดินทาง | Again she went over the first few days of their itinerary in her mind. |
| facility (n.) | สิ่งอำนวยคามสะดวก | She has an amazing facility for languages. |
| fare (n.) | ค่าเดินทาง/อาหาร | I had to walk home because I didn’t have enough money for the fare. |
| harbor (n.) | ท่าเรือ | About 1,000 yachts had been in the harbour for days to get the best view. |
| passenger seat (n.) | ที่นั่งผู้โดยสาร | A couch behind the passenger seat easily folds out to a bed, albeit a short one. |
| reservation (n.) | การจอง | Customers are advised to make seat reservations well in advance. |
| timetable (n.) | ตารางเวลา | The timetable said there was another train at 6.15. |
| excursion (n.) | การเที่ยว | The resort also offers daily excursions to nearby towns. |
| exhibit (v.) | จัดแสดง | The gallery will exhibit some of Monet’s paintings. |
| field (n.) | ทุ่งนา, สนาม | We passed cows grazing in the fields. |
| luxury (n.) | หรูหรา | He was leading a life of luxury in France. |
| monument (n.) | อนุสาวรีย์ | At daybreak or dusk, the pyramids most resemble the limestone monuments seen by the old explorers. |
| napkin (n.) | ผ้าเช็ดปาก | Her napkin was of pure silk with a neatly monogrammed corner. |
| neighborhood (n.) | บริเวณใกล้เคียง, ย่าน | The hotel is situated in a peaceful residential neighbourhood. |
| passenger (n.) | ผู้โดยสาร | The airport was jammed with thousands of passengers from delayed or cancelled flights. |
| popularity (n.) | ความนิยม | Country music is growing in popularity. |
| popular (adj) | เป็นที่นิยม | Coffee is probably the most popular drink in the world. |
| scenery (n.) | ทัศนียภาพ | The best part of the trip was the fantastic scenery. |
คำศัพท์ TOEIC หมวดสุขภาพ / ร่างกาย
| คำศัพท์ | ความหมาย | ตัวอย่างประโยค |
| elderly (adj.) | สูงอายุ | A group of elderly ladies sat drinking coffee in the cafeteria. |
| emergency (n.) | กรณีฉุกเฉิน | In an emergency, dial 119 for police, the fire department or an ambulance. |
| intern (n.) | แพทย์ฝึกหัด | She refused to be treated by an intern and demanded to see a qualified doctor. |
| internal (adj.) | ภายใน | The doctor said they found some signs of internal bleeding. |
| medical certificate (n.) | ใบรับรองแพทย์ | If you’re sick you have to get a medical certificate. |
| medical (adj.) | ทางการแพทย์ | The partnership plans to invest mainly in West Coast media, medical products, biotechnology and information-technology companies. |
| medicine (n.) | ยา | Have you been taking your medicine? |
| prevention (n.) | การป้องกัน | Educating new drivers is important for the prevention of accidents. |
| youth (n.) | วัยหนุ่มสาว | Many of these people had used drugs in their youth. |
คำศัพท์ TOEIC หมวดกฎหมาย
| คำศัพท์ | ความหมาย | ตัวอย่างประโยค |
| appeal (v.) | อุทธรณ์, ร้องขอ | The police have issued a new appeal for information. |
| claim (v.) | เรียกร้อง | If you’re still not satisfied, you may be able to claim compensation. |
| claimant (n.) | โจทก์, ผู้เรียกร้องสิทธิ | The company will settle the lawsuit and provide compensation for claimants. |
| compromise (v.) | ประนีประนอม | They compromised by alternating days on which each chose the activity. |
| conduct (n.) | ความประพฤติ | The Senator’s conduct is being investigated by the Ethics Committee. |
| coverage (n.) | ขอบเขตคุ้มครองในการประกันภัย | Make sure the policy gives adequate coverage against burglary. |
| damage (n.) | ความเสียหาย,
การทำร้าย |
The damage to his reputation was considerable. |
| decision (n.) | การตัดสิน, คำพิพากษา | The judges’ decision is final |
| dispute (n.) | ข้อพิพาท, ความขัดแย้ง | The firm is involved in a legal dispute with a rival company. |
| evidence (n.) | หลักฐาน | Murrow’s evidence was enough to convict Hayes of murder. |
| force (n.) | กำลัง | The police used force to overpower the demonstrators. |
| fuel (n.) | เชื้อเพลิง | The fuel tank holds 14 gallons. |
| investigate (v.) | สืบสวน | We sent our reporter, John, to investigate. |
| investigation (n.) | การตรวจสอบหาความจริง | The investigation continued for nearly two years. |
| judge (n.) | ผู้พิพากษา | The judge advised the governor that the law violated the First Amendment rights of teachers. |
| justice (n.) | ความยุติธรรม | His people came to him demanding justice. |
| justification (n.) | การให้เหตุผล | There is no justification for holding her in jail. |
| misrepresent (v.) | บิดเบือนความจริง | He was found guilty of misrepresenting the true position of his accounts. |
| oblige (v.) | บังคับ | Circumstances had obliged him to sell the business. |
| patent (n.) | สิทธิบัตร | He applied for a patent for a new method of removing paint. |
| pollute (v.) | ก่อให้เกิดมลพิษ | The factory pollutes the air and water. |
